Popular Python Repositories

1. django/django - A high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. https://github.com/django/django
2. pallets/flask - A lightweight WSGI web application framework. It is designed to make getting started quick and easy, with the ability to scale up to complex applications. https://github.com/pallets/flask
3. encode/django-rest-framework - A powerful and flexible toolkit for building Web APIs in Django. https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework
4. tiangolo/fastapi - A modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3.7+ based on standard Python type hints. https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
5. celery/celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing. https://github.com/celery/celery
6. apache/airflow - A platform to programmatically author, schedule, and monitor workflows. https://github.com/apache/airflow
7. getsentry/sentry - A cross-platform application monitoring, with a focus on error reporting. https://github.com/getsentry/sentry
8. mozilla/addons-server - The server for managing addons (extensions and themes) for Firefox. https://github.com/mozilla/addons-server
9. docker/compose - A tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. https://github.com/docker/compose
10. python/cpython - The Python programming language itself. https://github.com/python/cpython
11. pandas-dev/pandas - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures, and data analysis tools. https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas
12. pytest-dev/pytest - A framework that makes it easy to write simple tests, yet scales to support complex functional testing. https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest
13. saltstack/salt - Software to automate the management and configuration of any infrastructure or application at scale. https://github.com/saltstack/salt
14. jupyter/notebook - Jupyter Interactive Notebook. https://github.com/jupyter/notebook
15. scrapy/scrapy - A fast high-level web crawling & scraping framework for Python. https://github.com/scrapy/scrapy
16. ansible/ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform that makes your applications and systems easier to deploy and maintain. https://github.com/ansible/ansible
17. psf/requests - A simple, yet elegant HTTP library. https://github.com/psf/requests
18. kennethreitz/httpbin - A simple HTTP request & response service. https://github.com/kennethreitz/httpbin
19. matplotlib/matplotlib - A comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations in Python. https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib
20. numpy/numpy - The fundamental package for scientific computing with Python. https://github.com/numpy/numpy
21. behave/behave - A BDD (Behavior-driven development) framework for Python. https://github.com/behave/behave
22. bokeh/bokeh - An interactive visualization library that targets modern web browsers for presentation. https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh
23. boto/boto3 - Amazon Web Services (AWS) SDK for Python, which allows Python developers to write software that uses services like Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2. https://github.com/boto/boto3
24. celery/kombu - A messaging library for Python. https://github.com/celery/kombu
25. channelcat/sanic - A Python 3.6+ web server and web framework that's written to go fast. https://github.com/channelcat/sanic
26. dcos/dcos - An open-source, self-managing platform for running containerized workloads. https://github.com/dcos/dcos
27. dropbox/dropbox-sdk-python - The official Dropbox API V2 SDK for Python. https://github.com/dropbox/dropbox-sdk-python
28. elastic/elasticsearch-py - The official low-level client for Elasticsearch. https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch-py
29. falconry/falcon - A high-performance Python framework for building cloud APIs, smart proxies, and app backends. https://github.com/falconry/falcon
30. huggingface/transformers - State-of-the-art Natural Language Processing for TensorFlow 2.0 and PyTorch. https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
31. kivy/kivy - An open-source Python library for developing multitouch applications. https://github.com/kivy/kivy
32. mkdocs/mkdocs - A fast and simple static site generator that's geared towards building project documentation. https://github.com/mkdocs/mkdocs
33. mlflow/mlflow - An open-source platform to manage the ML lifecycle, including experimentation, reproducibility, and deployment. https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow
34. pytorch/pytorch - Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration. https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch
35. quantumblacklabs/kedro - A framework that makes it easy to build robust and scalable data pipelines. https://github.com/quantumblacklabs/kedro
36. scikit-learn/scikit-learn - Machine learning in Python. https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn
37. spyder-ide/spyder - A powerful scientific environment written in Python, for Python. https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder
38. streamlit/streamlit - An app framework for Machine Learning and Data Science teams. https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit
39. zulip/zulip - Open-source team chat software. https://github.com/zulip/zulip
40. pika/pika - A pure-Python implementation of the AMQP 0-9-1 protocol used for asynchronous message-driven applications. https://github.com/pika/pika
41. gevent/gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet to provide a high-level synchronous API on top of the libev event loop. https://github.com/gevent/gevent
42. locustio/locust - An easy-to-use, scriptable, and scalable performance testing tool written in Python. https://github.com/locustio/locust
43. pyrocms/pyrocms - An MVC PHP Content Management System built to be easy to use, theme, and develop with. It's powered by the Python framework. https://github.com/pyrocms/pyrocms
44. nameko/nameko - A microservices framework for Python that lets service developers concentrate on application logic and encourages testability. https://github.com/nameko/nameko
45. google/python-fire - A library for automatically generating command line interfaces (CLIs) from absolutely any Python object. https://github.com/google/python-fire
46. pycassa/pycassa - A Cassandra client library for Python, providing a comfortable Pythonic interface for working with Cassandra. https://github.com/pycassa/pycassa
47. pycurl/pycurl - A Python interface to libcurl, a multiprotocol file transfer library. https://github.com/pycurl/pycurl
48. python-openxml/python-docx - A Python library for creating and updating Microsoft Word (.docx) files. https://github.com/python-openxml/python-docx
49. cython/cython - A programming language that makes writing C extensions for the Python language as easy as Python itself. https://github.com/cython/cython
50. pydata/xarray - A library aimed at bringing the labeled data power of pandas to the physical sciences, by providing N-dimensional variants of the core pandas data structures. https://github.com/pydata/xarray
51. biopython/biopython - A set of freely available tools for biological computation written in Python. https://github.com/biopython/biopython
52. apache/libcloud - A Python library for interacting with many of the popular cloud service providers using a unified API. https://github.com/apache/libcloud
53. nltk/nltk - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data. https://github.com/nltk/nltk
54. simpeg/simpeg - A Python package for simulation and gradient-based parameter estimation in the context of geophysical applications. https://github.com/simpeg/simpeg
55. joke2k/faker - A Python package that generates fake data for you, whether you need to bootstrap your database, create good-looking XML documents, or anonymize data taken from a production service. https://github.com/joke2k/faker
56. pyqtgraph/pyqtgraph - A pure-python graphics and GUI library built on PyQt4/PyQt5/PySide and numpy. https://github.com/pyqtgraph/pyqtgraph
57. pallets/click - A Python package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way with as little code as necessary. https://github.com/pallets/click
58. zopefoundation/Zope - A leading open-source application server, specializing in content management, portals, and custom applications. https://github.com/zopefoundation/Zope
59. blue-yonder/tsfresh - Automatic extraction of relevant features from time series. https://github.com/blue-yonder/tsfresh
60. ipython/ipython - An interactive command shell for Python. https://github.com/ipython/ipython
61. PyCQA/pylint - A tool that checks for errors in Python code, tries to enforce a coding standard, and looks for code smells. https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint
62. googleapis/google-api-python-client - The official Python client library for Google's discovery based APIs. https://github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client
63. apache/spark - Apache Spark is a unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing, with built-in modules for streaming, SQL, machine learning, and graph processing. https://github.com/apache/spark
64. pallets/jinja - A full-featured template engine for Python. https://github.com/pallets/jinja
65. zeromq/pyzmq - Python bindings for 0MQ, a high-performance asynchronous messaging library. https://github.com/zeromq/pyzmq
66. pydata/numba - An open-source JIT compiler that translates a subset of Python and NumPy code into fast machine code. https://github.com/numba/numba
67. statsmodels/statsmodels - A Python module that allows users to explore data, estimate statistical models, and perform statistical tests. https://github.com/statsmodels/statsmodels
68. TheAlgorithms/Python - A repository filled with algorithms implemented in Python. https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python
69. dask/dask - Advanced parallel computing with task scheduling. https://github.com/dask/dask
70. koalas-dev/koalas - Pandas on Apache Spark. https://github.com/koalas-dev/koalas
71. pytorch/vision - Datasets, Transforms, and Models specific to computer vision. https://github.com/pytorch/vision
72. microsoft/playwright-python - A Python version of the Playwright testing and automation library. https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-python
73. apache/beam - A unified programming model to define and execute data processing pipelines, including ETL, batch, and stream processing. https://github.com/apache/beam
74. scikit-image/scikit-image - Image processing in Python. https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image
75. Yelp/bravado - A Python client library for Swagger 2.0 services. https://github.com/Yelp/bravado
76. RasaHQ/rasa - Open source machine learning framework to automate text- and voice-based conversations. https://github.com/RasaHQ/rasa
77. crossbario/autobahn-python - WebSocket & WAMP in Python for Twisted and asyncio. https://github.com/crossbario/autobahn-python
78. MagicStack/uvloop - Ultra fast asyncio event loop. https://github.com/MagicStack/uvloop
79. samuelcolvin/pydantic - Data parsing and validation using Python type hints. https://github.com/samuelcolvin/pydantic
80. dagster-io/dagster - A data orchestrator for machine learning, analytics, and ETL. https://github.com/dagster-io/dagster
81. pallets/click - A Python package for creating beautiful command line interfaces. https://github.com/pallets/click
82. python-poetry/poetry - Tool for dependency management and packaging in Python. https://github.com/python-poetry/poetry
83. heartexlabs/label-studio - Multi-type data labeling and annotation tool with standardized output format. https://github.com/heartexlabs/label-studio
84. great-expectations/great_expectations - Always know what to expect from your data. https://github.com/great-expectations/great_expectations
85. pypa/warehouse - Next generation Python Package Repository (PyPI). https://github.com/pypa/warehouse
86. pandas-dev/pandas - Flexible and powerful data analysis / manipulation library for Python. https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas
87. plotly/dash - A Python framework for building ML & data science web apps. https://github.com/plotly/dash
88. apache/superset - A modern, enterprise-ready business intelligence web application. https://github.com/apache/superset
89. dbt-labs/dbt - Tool that enables data analysts and engineers to transform data in their warehouse more effectively. https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt
90. facebookresearch/pytorch3d - PyTorch3D is FAIR's library of reusable components for deep learning with 3D data. https://github.com/facebookresearch/pytorch3d
91. explosion/spaCy - Industrial-strength Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Python. https://github.com/explosion/spaCy
92. luigi-riefolo/eel - A little Python library for making simple Electron-like HTML/JS GUI apps. https://github.com/luigi-riefolo/eel
93. man-group/arctic - High performance datastore for time series and tick data. https://github.com/man-group/arctic
94. apache/incubator-sdap-nexus - Data analysis and visualization platform for large climate datasets. https://github.com/apache/incubator-sdap-nexus
95. zulip/zulip - Open-source team chat software. https://github.com/zulip/zulip
96. Netflix/metaflow - Human-centric framework for data science. https://github.com/Netflix/metaflow
97. home-assistant/core - Open-source home automation platform running on Python 3. https://github.com/home-assistant/core
98. Twisted/Twisted - An event-driven networking engine for Python. Twisted supports many common transport and application layer protocols, including TCP, UDP, SSL/TLS, HTTP, and more. It's designed for building high-performance network servers and clients. https://github.com/twisted/twisted
99. flask/flask - A lightweight WSGI web application framework. It is designed to make getting started quick and easy, with the ability to scale up to complex applications. Flask offers suggestions, but does not enforce any dependencies or project layout. https://github.com/pallets/flask
100. aiohttp/aiohttp - A server and client web framework and asynchronous networking library written in Python. It provides a robust framework for building client and server-side asynchronous applications in Python, particularly useful for handling large volumes of HTTP requests in a non-blocking fashion. https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp
101. SeleniumHQ/selenium - A portable framework for testing web applications. Selenium provides a playback tool for authoring functional tests without the need to learn a test scripting language. It also provides a test domain-specific language (Selenese) to write tests in a number of popular programming languages, including Python. The tests can then run against most modern web browsers. https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium

Conclusion:

The lists provided cover a broad spectrum of popular and useful Python backend repositories, including frameworks, libraries, and tools that are highly regarded in the developer community. These repositories have been chosen based on their popularity, utility, and contribution to various needs in backend development, from web frameworks and data processing to machine learning and automation.

Call to Action:

Explore these repositories to find tools that can streamline your development process, increase productivity, or simply learn more about backend development in Python. If you have a specific area of interest or need guidance on a particular type of tool or framework, I can help narrow down repositories that might be most relevant to you.